Sains Malaysiana 53(2)(2024): 397-408

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2024-5302-13

Synergistic Interaction between Topical Application of Allicin and Quercetin Enhances Diabetic Wound Healing via Inflammatory in Wistar Rats

(Interaksi Sinergi antara Aplikasi Topikal Alisin dan Kuersetin Meningkatkan Penyembuhan Luka Diabetis melalui Radang pada Tikus Wistar)

AGIK PRIYO NUSANTORO^1,2, KUNTAMAN KUNTAMAN³ & DAVID SONTANI PERDANAKUSUMA^4,*

¹Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Moestopo Road No. 47, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia

²Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Kusuma Husada, Jaya Wijaya Road No. 11, Surakarta 57136, Indonesia

³Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Moestopo Road No. 47, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia

⁴Department of Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Moestopo Road No. 47, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia

Received: 25 October 2023/Accepted: 5 February 2024

Abstract

Prolonged and excessive inflammatory processes at the wound site result in delayed healing of diabetic wounds. Allicin and quercetin have significantly inhibited tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and increased levels of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in rats. However, there is no known investigation on the combination of both compounds on TNF-α, TGF-β, and VEGF as a topical healing agent via inflammatory mechanisms. This study aims to determine the synergistic interaction between topical application of allicin and quercetin in enhancing diabetic wound healing via inflammatory in Wistar rats. A total of 45 male Wistar rats weighing 180-250 g were induced diabetes by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (45 mg/kg bw). Diabetic rats underwent wound creation under anaesthesia and a square-shaped open excision wound was made with a full-thickness measurement of 1 cm × 1 cm on the right side of the rat's back. Rats were randomly allocated into group namely, vehicle control, allicin, quercetin, and a combination of allicin and quercetin which is applied topically once a day at a dose of 10 mg/mL for 7 days. Our finding showed that once daily topical application of allicin and quercetin, both independently and synergistically, increased levels of TGF-β and VEGF, as well as decreased levels of TNF-α of the rat diabetic wound model compared with the vehicle control group over 7th day. The synergistic effects of allicin and quercetin significantly enhanced diabetic wound healing via inflammation in rats, by suppressing inflammatory cytokines and stimulating growth factors hence offering a new window of an experimental study.

Keyword: Allicin; inflammation; quercetin; rats; wound healing

Abstrak

Proses keradangan yang berpanjangan dan berlebihan di tapak luka mengakibatkan kelewatan penyembuhan luka diabetes. Alisin dan kuersetin telah menghalang faktor nekrosis tumor alfa (TNF-α) dengan ketara dan meningkatkan faktor pertumbuhan mengubah beta (TGF-β) dan faktor pertumbuhan endotelial vaskular (VEGF) pada tikus. Walau bagaimanapun, terdapat kajian yang tidak diketahui mengenai gabungan kedua-dua sebatian pada TNF-α, TGF-β, dan VEGF sebagai agen penyembuhan topikal melalui mekanisme keradangan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan interaksi sinergi antara penggunaan topikal alisin dan kuersetin dalam meningkatkan penyembuhan luka diabetes melalui keradangan pada tikus Wistar. Sebanyak 45 ekor tikus Wistar jantan seberat 180-250 g telah diakibatkan kencing manis oleh satu suntikan intraperitoneal streptozotocin (45 mg/kg bb). Tikus diabetes menjalani pemodelan luka di bawah bius dan luka eksisi terbuka berbentuk segi empat sama dibuat dengan ukuran ketebalan penuh 1 cm × 1 cm di sebelah kanan belakang tikus. Tikus telah diperuntukkan secara rawak kepada kumpulan keempat iaitu, plasebo, alisin, kuersetin serta gabungan alisin dan kuersetin yang diberikan sekali sehari pada dos 10 mg/mL selama 7 hari. Penemuan kami mendedahkan bahawa satu aplikasi topikal harian alisin dan kuersetin, secara bebas dan sinergistik, meningkatkan TGF-β dan VEGF, serta menurunkan TNF-α model Tikus dengan diabetes luka berbanding dengan kumpulan plasebo sepanjang hari ke-7. Kesan sinergistik alisin dan kuersetin dengan ketara meningkatkan penyembuhan luka diabetes melalui keradangan pada tikus, justeru menawarkan ruang baharu untuk kajian penyelidikan.

Kata kunci: Alisin; keradangan; kuersetin; penyembuhan luka; tikus

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*Corresponding author; email: Dperdanakusuma@fk.unair.ac.id